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Facts
for Family and Friends
Perhaps the most important thing family and friends
can do is to encourage the depressed person to get appropriate
diagnosis and treatment. The very nature of depression--the feelings of
helplessness, hopelessness, and worthlessness--can keep the depressed
person from seeking help. When symptoms linger beyond a reasonable
time, or if there seems no apparent reason for the
individual's persistent feelings of unhappiness and gloom, the
observant and caring friend or relative should help the depressed
person get professional assistance.
Family and friends can also provide much needed support, love, and
encouragement. Depression destroys self-esteem and confidence, and
family and friends can help the depressed person feel worthwhile
by applying the following "Dos" and "Don'ts"
Do
-
maintain as normal a relationship as possible.
-
point out distorted negative thinking without being critical or
disapproving.
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acknowledge that the person is suffering and in pain.
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offer kind words and pay compliments.
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express affection.
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show that you care, respect, and value the depressed person.
Don't
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blame the depressed person for his or her condition.
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criticize, pick on, "put down" or voice disapproval until the depressed
person is feeling better.
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say or do anything to exacerbate his or her poor self-image.
In addition, friends and family can help by keeping the depressed
person busy and active. Depression tends to feed on itself, and a
moderately depressed person becomes
apathetic and inactive leading to more depression, more withdrawal, and
more inactivity, resulting in a vicious cycle. Gentle assertiveness may
be required to stand by the depressed person,
particularly if the individual is withdrawn and rejecting.
Depression typically involves strong feelings of guilt, and it is
important that family and friends do not compound such feelings by
blaming the individual for his or her symptoms. Depressed people
often arouse anger in others, and it is tempting to become impatient,
to tell the depressed person to snap out of it, or to indicate that
depression is a sign of weakness. The depressed person is in
pain and needs understanding and help.
Also, the possibility of suicide must always be considered in cases of
depression. Though a depression may appear relatively mild, it does not
exclude the possibility of suicide. Sometimes seemingly
mild depression has much deeper roots. Nor is it true, as many people
believe, that a person who talks about suicide will not attempt it.
Those who attempt suicide often appeal first for help by
threatening to do so.
Even when there appears little or no danger of suicide, a mental health
professional should be consulted when a serious depressive disorder is
suspected. The earlier the depressed person receives
help, the sooner the symptoms are alleviated and the speedier the
recovery.
Depression is the most treatable of all the mental illnesses.
Individuals no longer have to suffer its debilitating symptoms. With
modern treatment methods, they can return to full and productive
lives.
Suicide
The possibility of suicide is the most serious
complication of depressive illnesses. Feelings of worthlessness and
guilt, combined with a special kind of psychic pain,
may overwhelm the individual so that he or she feels unable to go on or
unfit to live. Sometimes these feelings remain just thoughts, and at
other times they lead to suicidal attempts.
Not all those suffering from depressive illnesses attempt suicide, nor
are all those who attempt suicide suffering from a depressive illness.
It is estimated that 15 percent of untreated or
inadequately treated depressives may eventually commit suicide and,
among suicide victims, more than half are suffering from a depressive
illness. The person hospitalized for depression at some time
in his or her life is about 30 times more likely to commit suicide than
is the nondepressed person, with the greatest risk during or
immediately following hospitalization. A family history of suicide
is an additional risk factor.
The possibility of suicide increases with advancing age. In recent
years, however, there have been alarming increases in suicide among
young adults. Approximately twice as many women attempt
suicide; however, men are more likely than women to actually kill
themselves.
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